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KMID : 0923620010010020095
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Immune Network
2001 Volume.1 No. 2 p.95 ~ p.103
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T cell costimulation by CD28, CTLA - 4, and ICOS
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Lee Kyung-Mi
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Abstract
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T cells play a central role in the initiation and regulation of the immune response to foreign antigens. Full activationof T cells requires the engagement of T cell receptor complex (TCR) and the binding of a second costimulatoryreceptor to its ligand expressed on antigen presenting cells (APC). Among the molecules known to providecostimulatory function, CD28 has been the most dominant and potent costimulatory molecule. However, the functionof CD28 is becoming more complex due to the recent discovery of its structural homologue, CTLA-4 and ICOS. Thisreview summarizes the biology and physiologic function of each of these receptors, and further focuses on thebiochemical mechanism underlying the function of these receptors. Complete understanding of the CD28/CTLA-4/ICOScostimulatory pathway will provide the basis for developing new therapeutic approaches for immunological dieseases.
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KEYWORD
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